Abstract
During online learning, complicated environmental perception factors influence the cognitive engagement of students, which is an influencing variable of learning motivation, learning outcomes, and other classroom effect indicators. In this study, the research hypotheses on the influences of the environmental perception of online learning (including students’ self-factors, teacher factors, peer factors, and technological factors) on individual cognitive engagement (deep engagement and superficial engagement) were proposed. The mediating effect of the influences of self-efficacy on individual cognitive engagement under the online learning model was estimated. Results demonstrate that the Cronbach’s α of the questionnaire used in the study is 0.891 and the KMO is 0.841. These outcomes reflect that this questionnaire has very good reliability and validity. In the online learning environment, students’ self-factors, peer factors, and technological factors can promote individual cognitive engagement significantly. Furthermore, self-efficacy develops a mediating effect in the significantly positive promotion of environmental perception on individual cognitive engagement. Cognitive engagement also changes with the duration of online learning (F=4.530, p=0.005). Moreover, the influences of majors on cognitive engagement are significant at the 0.05 level (F=2.188, p=0.047). Conclusions have important references to comprehend the influences of different environmental perception factors on individual cognitive engagement in the process of online learning and disclose how self-efficacy influences individual cognitive engagement.
Highlights
The latest developments in information technology (IT), such as 5G technology, information technology, and artificial intelligence (AI), will revolutionize the education industry, which will further promote the follow-up of education behaviors and thereby realize leapfrog development
On the basis of social cognitive theory, this study argues that the individual factor refers to the selfefficacy of learners and the environmental factor refers to the environmental perception of online learning
4.1 Reliability and validity test The reliability of the questionnaire refers to the consistency, stability, and reliability of test results, and it is usually expressed by internal consistency
Summary
The latest developments in information technology (IT), such as 5G technology, information technology, and artificial intelligence (AI), will revolutionize the education industry, which will further promote the follow-up of education behaviors and thereby realize leapfrog development. The teaching environment has evolved from traditional classrooms and electronic whiteboards to IT tools centered at various digital terminals, AI, big data, cloud computation, and other technologies This evolution brings a great challenge to the traditional education philosophy of teachers. Studies on education informationization have reached a profound research level, and all schools need to accept and adapt to a series of changes brought by online learning to keep up with the times. Under this notion, China has the biggest population of online education in the world, and it has large-scale curriculum resource development and curriculum applications. Scholars have proven through different tool methods and research objects that learning engagement has a high prediction effect on the learning outcomes of students
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