Abstract
This article provides an overview of the influence of welding parameters and filler material on changes in the heat-affected zone (HAZ) of thermo-mechanically controlled processed (TMCP) steel welded joints. The research focused on evaluating the effect of heat input and cooling rate on the width of the soft zone, which significantly affects the mechanical properties of welded joints. The negative effect of the soft zone is more pronounced as the thickness of the material decreases. Therefore, the object of this research was a 3-mm-thick sheet of S960MC steel welded by gas metal arc welding (GMAW) and metal-cored arc welding (MCAW) technology. Variable welding parameters were reflected in different heat input and cooling rate values, which led to a change in the properties of the HAZ and thus the mechanical properties of the welded joints. The changes in the HAZ were analyzed by microscopic analysis and mechanical testing. The measured results showed a significant effect of heat input on the cooling rate, which considerably affected the width of the soft zone in the HAZ and thus the overall mechanical properties of the welded joints.
Highlights
Since their introduction in the 1980s, thermo-mechanically controlled processed (TMCP) steels have undergone continuous development, resulting in them being a highly applicable material in several areas of industry [1,2]
In the case of gas metal arc welding of thin materials, this is the only way to achieve an increase in the strength of welded joints
gas metal arc welding (GMAW) with a solid wire as a filler material gave the best results in CMT mode (GMAW-CMT)
Summary
Since their introduction in the 1980s, thermo-mechanically controlled processed (TMCP) steels have undergone continuous development, resulting in them being a highly applicable material in several areas of industry [1,2]. Welded joints of larger thicknesses usually have no problem achieving the required strength, despite the wider width of the soft zone This is because the XSZ is small enough, taking into account the thickness of the base material. The reduced cooling rate affects the increase in the width of the soft zone, which, in the case of materials with a smaller thickness, results in a more significant decrease in the strength of the welded joint. By decreasing the heat input, a slight improvement in strength was achieved, which, still did not reach the values of the base material This principle does not apply to welded joints with larger thicknesses. The aim was to set up the welding parameters for different filler materials and welding technologies in order to reduce the heat input and the associated cooling rate as key parameters affecting the properties of the HAZ. A metal-cored wire was chosen as an alternative solution to reduce the heat input and time t8/5 when using gas metal arc welding technology
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