Influence of weather conditions on the activity and properties of alpha-amylase in maize grains

Abstract

Alpha-amylase (α-amylase) occurs naturally in maize grains during grain development. However, excessive enzyme activity in fully ripened grains can lead to postharvest losses, due to its adverse effects on the processing quality of the grains during food production. The aim of the study was to investigate the influence of genotypes and weather conditions on the grain's own α-amylase. Seven maize genotypes were grown in the field over two seasons. The results showed that the activity of α-amylase was influenced by the genotype, and the weather conditions, especially by the rainfall before harvest. Moreover, differences in the biochemical and kinetic properties of the enzyme were found among the studied genotypes. These differences could be helpful in developing postharvest strategies to minimize the harmful effects of high α-amylase in the course of changing weather conditions.