Abstract
The influence of polar solvents on the hydrolysis of cellobiose (4- O-(β- d-glucopyranosyl)-β- d-glucopyranose) and p-NPG ( p-nitrophenyl β- d-glucopyranoside) by crude almond β-glucosidase has been measured. THF and acetonitrile diminish the initial reaction rate by a factor of 2 at a concentration of 10%, while DMF, DMSO and 2-methyl-2-butanol have little effect at this concentration, but induce a decrease at higher concentrations. The specificity constant V max/ K M of the crude enzyme in aqueous solution was 200-fold higher for p-NPG than for cellobiose, indicating that between the two β-glucosidase activities present in almond, prunasin hydrolase may be more important than amygdalin hydrolase. However, the specificity constant for p-NPG was more affected by the presence of DMF, since it dropped six-fold for a 20% concentration of solvent while in the case of cellobiose, the drop was only 1.6-fold for the same solvent concentration.
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