Abstract
Although the use of vinasse as a waste helps replenish soil nutrients and improves the quality of the sugarcane crop, it is known that vinasse residues alter the diversity of bacteria naturally present in the soil. The actual impacts of vinasse application on the selection of bacterial taxa are not understood because no studies have addressed this phenomenon directly. Analysis of 16S rRNA gene clone sequences from four soil types showed that the soil planted with sugarcane and fertilized with vinasse has a high diversity of bacteria compared to other biomes, where Acidobacteria were the second most abundant phylum. Although the composition and structure of bacterial communities differ significantly in the four environments (Libshuff's test), forest soils and soil planted with sugarcane without vinasse fertilizer were similar to each other because they share at least 28 OTUs related to Rhizobiales, which are important agents involved in nitrogen fixation. OTUs belonging to Actinomycetales were detected more often in the soil that had vinasse applied, indicating that these groups are more favored by this type of land management.
Highlights
Research on bacterial diversity in soils planted with sugarcane (Saccharum spp.) has indicated that the greater portion of these microorganisms is unknown [1,2,3]
This study aimed to identify the bacterial communities in soils in which sugarcane was cultivated and subject to different management practices using the analysis of partial sequences of clones from 16S rRNA gene libraries
Many proteobacterial strains have been isolated and characterized, an analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences from environmental clones and by pyrosequencing indicated that many members are still unknown, and, their specific roles in various ecosystems are unknown [5]
Summary
Research on bacterial diversity in soils planted with sugarcane (Saccharum spp.) has indicated that the greater portion of these microorganisms is unknown [1,2,3]. The importance of the study of bacterial populations in soil is based on approaches depending on the cultivation because these microorganisms could provide new biological resources for the production of commercial inoculants. The bacteria are used in studies that provide insight into mechanisms of the production of compounds that increase sugarcane yield, such as siderophores, indolic components, biological nitrogen fixation, and inorganic phosphate solubilization [3]. Beyond their importance in agronomical applications, Plant Growth-Promoting Bacteria (PGPB) can mitigate the health of contaminated ecosystems when used for bioremediation of a contaminated site [4]. The effects of fertilization with vinasse on the physicochemical properties of soil have been studied for a long time [7,8,9], little is known about its impact on the bacterial community
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