Abstract
The aim of the research was to establish quantitative and qualitative indicators of meat productivity of Simmental bull calves of various constitutional types when raised using the technology of beef cattle breeding. The maximum growth rate and the highest yield of meat products were obtained from Simmental bulls of the meat and dairy type when they were raised and fed according to the technology of beef cattle breeding. Receiving from the mothers for 205 days of the sucking period more fatty milk, they gave 1250 g of gain per day and reached 289.7 kg of live weight by the cut. Having retained a high growth rate in the future, they at the final fattening gave 1321 g of gain per day and at 20 months the live weight was 659.3 kg. The superiority of Simmentals over analogues was natural by 3.4–13.3% by weight of the steamed carcass, by 0.4–1.8% in slaughter yield, by 1.4–11.1 kg in terms of the amount of pulp in the carcass and pulp per bones by 0.1–0.3 kg, protein in meat by 0.12; 1.19; 2.59 kg and the amount of energy in the pulp by 0.14; 0.44; 1.75 MJ. Simmental bulls of the meat and dairy type also have a high ability to transform protein and feed energy into protein and energy from the pulp of the carcass.
Highlights
The main tasks facing beef cattle are: the introduction of low-cost technologies, the solution of many issues related to the reproduction of the herd, the creation of cultural pastures, the intensive use of highly productive bulls-producers
The results of our research showed that at birth the live weight of bulls ranged from 32.1 to 33.4 kg
Based on the consumption of feed and nutrients, as well as the increase in live weight, we found that, both in all periods of research, and for the entire period of experience, the groups of bulls obtained from mothers of meat and dairy production direction differed in the lowest feed costs per unit of production
Summary
The main tasks facing beef cattle are: the introduction of low-cost technologies, the solution of many issues related to the reproduction of the herd, the creation of cultural pastures, the intensive use of highly productive bulls-producers. The first breeding heifers of the Simmental breed of Austrian selection, in the amount of 400 heads, were brought to Hammer LLC in 2007. In the breeding breeding company "Hammer" from the Simmental cattle of the Austrian selection, the milk yield from one cow is more than 5000 kg. Hammer began to look for ways to improve the efficiency of the use of Simmental cattle. Taking into account the natural and climatic conditions (mountain-distant cattle keeping), the farm decided to transfer part of the Simmental cattle to be kept according to the technology of beef cattle breeding
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