Influence of thyroid and adrenal gland on the development of alloxan diabetes from the view-point of serum Ca and Mg

Abstract

Many evidences have been achieved since Gomori and Goldner had succeeded to generate alloxan diabetes. In these evidences it was observed that Ca and Mg in serum related closely to carbohydrate metabolism, especially to phosphous to metabolism, and from the fact that Ca in diabetic serum is observed as lower and Mg as higher, it is considerable that the determination of Ca and Mg in serum may be an index to infer the state of abnormal carbohydrate metabolism. On the ground of these evidences, I have investigated the variation of Ca and Mg in serum, and considered the influences on the alloxan diabetes at dysfunction of thyroid and adrenal gland. Examined animals were divided into 6 groups i.e., normal, thyroidectomized, thyradin injected, adrenalectomized, cortisone, injected, and cortisone injected and alloxanized group. Each group was injected with alloxan 200mg per kg of body weight, besides cortisone was injected i.m. 5mg per kg of body weight during 5 days, thyradin was injected i.m. 0.1mg during 5 days. From each group blood was picked up after allowan injection 2 hours, 5 hours, 8 hours, 1 days, 3 days, and 5 days, i.e., these pickup times are correspond to initial hyperglycemia stage, hypoglycemia stage, and durable hyperglycemia stage, then blood sugar and Ca and Mg in serum are determined about these pickuped blood. The results are summarized as follows. 1) In normal group, blood sugar curve shows the typical 3 phases, after 5 hours Ca and sugar in blood has mutually negative correlation and Mg has positive correlation with blood sugar. 2) In adreualectomized group, one does not recognize the first phase. Ca and Mg in serum only diminish. 3) In cortisone injected group, the first phase is prominent, and the development of hyperglycemia is easy, Ca and Mg alter like normal group, but the degree of alteration is more than that of normal group. 4) In cortisone injected and alloxanized group, hypoglycemia is slight, decrease of serum Ca appeares in the early stage and the degree of the decrease is larger. Mg in serum increase temporaly at hypoglycemia stage. 5) In thyradin injected group, hypoglycemia is severe and Ca in serum is similiar as that of the cortisone injected and alloxanized group. Mg in serum decreasat first and the 2nd phase then recovered. 6) In throidectmized group, the change of blood sugar is slight and hyperglycemia can not be observed, decrease of serum Ca is slight and after 3 days it recovers. The alteration of Mg goes parallel with blood sugar. 7) Except thyroidectmized group, Ca in serum decreases, and Mg in serum increases. 8) Hormons of thyroid gland and adrenal gland promot the development alloxan diabetes.