Abstract
Biofilm, naturally formed by microorganisms as integrated surface-bound communities, is one of the reasons for the development of antimicrobial resistance. Haemophilus spp. are common and representative opportunistic Gram-negative rods forming from the upper respiratory tract microbiota. The aim of this paper was to evaluate the influence of thiazolidine-2,4-dionebased azolidine and chlorophenylthiosemicarbazone hybrids against both planktonic and biofilm-forming Haemophilus spp. cells. The in vitro activity against planktonic and biofilm-forming cells of the tested compounds were evaluated by using the broth microdilution method. These activities were detected against reference and clinical strains of Haemophilus spp. on the basis of MICs (minimal inhibitory concentrations) and MBICs (minimal biofilm inhibitory concentrations). In addition, anti-adhesive properties of these compounds were examined. The target compounds showed potential activity against planktonic cells with MIC = 62.5–500 mg/L and biofilm-forming cells with MBIC = 62.5–1000 mg/L. The observed anti-adhesive properties of the tested compounds were reversible during long-term incubation in a lower concentration of compounds.
Highlights
One of the main problems of the effectiveness of antimicrobial therapy is the development of resistance to agents among both bacteria and fungi
In a previous paper we described the antibacterial activity of TZD derivatives with azolidine and Molecules 2019, 24, x chlorophenylthiosemicarbazone moieties against aerobically-growing bacteria, like staphylococci or other Gram-positive microorganisms
TZD-based chlorophenylthiosemicarbazone hybrids seria consisted of 24 compounds
Summary
One of the main problems of the effectiveness of antimicrobial therapy is the development of resistance to agents among both bacteria and fungi. It is an adaptive mechanism for self-survival. Most bacteria and fungi naturally form biofilms as integrated surface-bound communities, which are important to survive in the host’s body and in the natural environment. It is one of the reasons for the development of antimicrobial resistance. Biofilms cause chronic infections in tissues or by developing on the surfaces of medical biomaterials
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