Abstract
The present study was planned to investigate the effect of thermally oxidized palm oil on the broiler performances, liver gene expression, lipid profile and oxidative stress markers. A total number of 150 one d-old Cobb 500 broiler chicks were randomly divided into three treatment groups. The first group was served as control and fed the basal diets with tap water. The second group fed the basal diet supplemented with 5% fresh palm oil, the third group fed the basal diet supplemented with 5% thermally oxidized palm oil. The experiment continued till chicks were 42 d old. Body weight, feed consumption, feed conversion ratio was estimated. Estimation of the effect of different treatments on the liver gene expression, Estimation of the lipid profile in serum, Estimation of the cholesterol level in the liver tissue. Correlation between the cholesterol level in both serum and liver tissue. Determination of oxidative stress markers in serum. The results showed that the supplementation of thermally oxidized palm oil decrease the body weight, reduce feed consumption, and increase the feed conversion ratio. Thermally oxidized oil cause a significant increase in the PPAR-α gene expression in liver tissue, increase the cholesterol concentrations in serum and liver, elevate triglycerides in serum and elevate the oxidative stress markers..
Highlights
Poultry production is a business which like any other business seeks to generate profit, one of the objectives of any poultry producer is to keep the balance between low coast diets with the least coast and obtain the maximum productivity (Ahiwe, et al, 2018)
While (Anjum, 2004) reported that the highest weight gain was found in chicks fed fresh oils than those fed thermally oxidized oil, This may be related to differences in dietary oil content and degree of oil oxidation (Zhang, et al, 2011)
The decreased growth performance observed in animals fed thermally oxidized lipids may be related to the activation of PPAR-α pathway by the thermally oxidized lipids, as the PPAR-α mediated upregulation of catabolic metabolism, such as fatty acid oxidation lead to decreased lipid availability for adipose tissue accretion and protein synthesis (Liu, et al, 2014)
Summary
Poultry production is a business which like any other business seeks to generate profit, one of the objectives of any poultry producer is to keep the balance between low coast diets with the least coast and obtain the maximum productivity (Ahiwe, et al, 2018). Lipids are commonly added to the poultry rations as concentrated sources of energy to improve feed efficiency (Pettigrew and Moser, 1991). Lipids help in Supplying fat-soluble vitamins and essential fatty acids, reduce dust in the facilities, attenuating growth reduction in heat stress conditions, improve the pellet quality, and improve the diet palatability (Pettigrew, and Moser, 1991). For coast saving, heated fats are used for up to 1 week before it is discarded and replaced with a fresh one These fats have high concentrations of lipid peroxides (Sülzle, et al, 2004). Oxidative stress constitutes an important factor of biological damage and is regarded as the cause of several pathological conditions that affect poultry growth and development (Avanzo, et al, 2001; Iqbal, et al., 2002). This study was conducted to investigate the effects of feeding thermally oxidized vegetable oil on hepatic gene expression and through estimation of Growth performance parameters (body weight, feed consumption and feed conversion ratio).Estimation of the effect of different treatments on the PPAR-α gene expression in liver tissues, lipid profile in serum, cholesterol level in the liver tissue, Correlation between the cholesterol level in both serum and liver tissue, Determination of oxidative stress markers in serum
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