Abstract
The article presents the solution of the problem of plastic flow modeling in the initial stage of hot drawing of a cylindrical workpiece in a forging press with combined strikers. The intensity stress fi eld for the tensor of total elastic stresses (load and thermal ones) has been received. The stress load has solved the problem of plane deformation for a workpiece of a circular cross section to which three lumped linear efforts were attached. The zone of a plastic fl ow was determined by the value of the yield strength of the material as a limitation of the elastic stress intensity. It has been shown that the tensile thermal stresses involve a near-surface layer of the workpiece into a zone of a plastic fl ow; that facilitates the process of forging. The numerical example of the formation of stress loads and thermal stresses during drawing after roughing-up of 7-ton ingot of 40KhN steel with the radius of average cross-section R = 0.35 m; its bottom (880 °C) boundary of the admissible forging temperatures was reached in 20 minutes after removal from the furnace with a temperature of 1180 °С has been considered. The graphs of the component distribution of the tensor of stress loads and thermal stresses have been introduced, as well as the respective intensities of stresses in the cross-section of the workpiece.
Highlights
The article presents the solution of the problem of plastic flow modeling in the initial stage of hot drawing of a cylindrical workpiece in a forging press with combined strikers
The stress load has solved the problem of plane deformation for a workpiece of a circular cross section to which three lumped linear efforts were attached
The zone of a plastic flow was determined by the value of the yield strength of the material as a limitation of the elastic stress intensity
Summary
ВЛИЯНИЕ ТЕРМИЧЕСКИХ НАПРЯЖЕНИЙ НА ФОРМИРОВАНИЕ ЗОНЫ ПЛАСТИЧЕСКОГО ТЕЧЕНИЯ В НАЧАЛЕ ГОРЯЧЕЙ КОВКИ ЦИЛИНДРИЧЕСКОЙ ЗАГОТОВКИ*. Поставлена и решена задача моделирования зоны пластического течения в начальной стадии горячей протяжки цилиндрической заготовки в кузнечном прессе с комбинированными бойками. Получено поле интенсивности напряжений для тензора суммарных упругих напряжений (нагрузки и термических). Зона пластического течения определяется значением предела текучести материала как ограничением интенсивности упругих напряжений. В настоящей работе строится модель формирования этой зоны, использующая предельные значения интенсивности тензора упругих напряжений, обусловленных как действием сосредоточенных усилий на бойках, так и термических напряжений, возникающих при остывании массивной заготовки. Тогда компоненты поля тензора упругих напряжений в поперечном сечении тела цилиндрической заготовки в начале ковки в комбинированных бойках, когда изменением формы сечения заготовки можно пренебречь, определяются по следующим уравнениям: щим формулам:.
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