Influence of the vent pipe diameter on the discharge capacity of a circuit vent building drainage system

Abstract

Experiments on different vent pipe diameters (nominal diameters of 100, 75 and 50 mm; DN100, DN75 and DN50, respectively) in a full-scale circuit vent building drainage system were conducted in a 60 -m high structure, and the wastewater discharge capacities as a function of vent pipe diameter were measured. Critical pipe pressures, water seal losses of sanitary fixtures and air flow rates were measured. The ultimate pressure values in pipes on lower floors were larger than those in pipes on higher floors using DN100 and DN75, which was opposite to the results with DN50. A positive correlation between the ultimate pressure values and floor heights, as well as between ultimate pressure values and water seal losses, was found for DN100 and DN75. The maximum discharge flow of the three systems using DN100, DN75 and DN50 vent pipes was 17.0 L/s, 14.0 L/s and 7.5 L/s, respectively. Nevertheless, in China, the maximum wastewater discharge capacity in a circuit vent system adopting a DN100 vent pipe connected to a DN100 drainage stack in tall residential buildings is 11.5 L/s according to the Code for Design of Building Water Supply and Drainage. Thus, the vent pipe diameter DN75 can fully meet the design requirements of drainage systems for high rise buildings in China. The engineering cost associated with material expenses for building drainage systems can be minimised by optimising the size of vent pipe based on required capacity rather than using a single size universally. Practical application: The engineering cost associated with material expenses for building drainage systems can be minimised by optimising the size of vent pipe based on required capacity rather than using a single size universally.