Abstract
An analysis of the rainfall of the Eastern Northeast Brazil (ENEB) during the period from April to June and the processes of ocean-atmosphere interaction were performed during different episodes of Sea Surface Temperature (SST) inter-hemispheric gradient of Atlantic tropical (GRAD). For this, we used a dataset covering the 1981 to 2010 period, composed by: monthly data of accumulated precipitation of the Global Precipitation Climatology Project (GPCP); surface fluxes obtained from reanalysis of the National Center for Environmental Prediction (NCEP); vertically integrated moisture flux divergence of the global model of European Centre for Medium Range Forecasting (ECMWF) reanalysis; SST data from the NCEP. Seven GRAD_S (southward SST gradient in the intertropical Atlantic) and five GRAD_N (northward SST gradient in the intertropical Atlantic) were selected. When the South Atlantic Ocean is warmer, the oceanic and atmospheric conditions are favorable to higher monthly precipitation near to the ENEB. We also observed a pronounced moisture convergence over parts of the ENEB during both, GRAD_S and GRAD_N episodes. The weather phenomena that operates remotely amplifying or inhibiting the rain also helps the rainy season; however, it appears that the contribution was greater than the spatial distribution of rainfall intensity.
Highlights
The fluxes of heat, momentum and moisture are very important for the development of atmospheric and oceanicHow to cite this paper: Amorim, A.C.B., et al (2014) Influence of the Tropical Atlantic Ocean’s Sea Surface Temperature in the Eastern Northeast Brazil Precipitation
In this study we propose to verify the spatial distribution of precipitation across the Eastern region that showed significant volumes during episodes of GRAD_S, as well as verifying if atmospheric and oceanic conditions favored the excess of precipitation diagnosed by [23]
The results showed the importance of ocean-atmosphere interaction in the South Atlantic for precipitation in ENEB
Summary
How to cite this paper: Amorim, A.C.B., et al (2014) Influence of the Tropical Atlantic Ocean’s Sea Surface Temperature in the Eastern Northeast Brazil Precipitation. The pattern of Sea Surface Temperature Anomaly (SSTA) in the North and South Atlantic, which reflect the occurrence of precipitation anomalies in the Northeast of Brazil (NEB), shows the importance of coupling in the ocean-atmosphere interface. In this sense, the variability of Sea Surface Temperature (SST) causes changes in the pattern of atmospheric circulation and the behavior of the large scale weather systems responsible for the precipitation over Northern NEB [2] [3]. In the eastern (ENEB), region of interest in this study, the precipitation occurrence is modulated by easterly wave disturbance (EWD) [6]-[10] with maximum activity between May and July
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