Influence of the temperature regime on the composition of the macrozoobenthos community in a thermal brook in Serbia

Abstract

In contrast to cold and eurythermal waters, benthic communities of warm brooks in temperate regions have been inadequately studied. In order to investigate the effects of water thermal regime on the benthic communities of warm waters and their relationships with those of cold and eurythermic ones, the macrozoobenthos was studied at eight sites in the Toplica River, and at four sites in its tributary, the Termalni brook. Investigations were carried out seasonally from April 2000 to January 2001. Warm waters of the Termalni brook were characterized by specific macrozoobenthos assemblages that exhibited significant differences to the populations of eurythermal and cold waters of the Toplica River. The dominant taxa in the macrozoobenthos community of warm waters were mainly Gastropoda species. Moreover, benthic communities of warm waters were characterized by lower diversity and greater biomass in comparison with those of cold and eurythermal waters. The gradient of average annual temperatures represented the main ecological factor influencing changes of diversity and biomass along the course of the investigated Termalni brook. Inflow of warm waters at site T6 lead to a decrease in macrozoobenthos abundance and changes in qualitative and quantitative composition of the benthocoenosis of a highland stream, but did not significantly alter diversity.