Abstract
The viscosity and droplet size of oil in water emulsions prepared at different speed of mixing have been measured. Nonionic surfactant dissolved in fresh water has been used to emulsify the crude oil vacuum distillation residues from the Mexican petroleum refineries by mean of a dynamic mixer in batches of 600 mL. The aim of the present research was to reduce the crude oil vacuum distillation residues viscosity for its transport, storage, piping and burning in industrial boilers. The viscosity measurements were carried out in a range of temperature from 25 to 65°C and in a range of shear stress of 30–200 rpm. The results reveal that the droplet size decreases dramatically when the mixing speed is increased from 1000 to 1500 rpm while the droplet size is maintained very similar when the speed is increased from 1500 to 2500 rpm. On the other hand, the viscosity of the emulsion increases about 150 cP when the speed is increased from 1000 to 1500 rpm afterwards, it increases only about 110 cP when the speed is increased from 1500 to 2500 rpm. It is noteworthy that the weight fraction concentrations used of crude oil vacuum distillation residues, surfactant and water were 77%, 0.3%, and 22.7% respectively, and the flow behavior of the emulsion was found to be pseudoplastic.
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