Abstract
The properties of nanostructured metals differ from the classical ones. The biological activity of nanoparticles is influenced by many factors, but primarily by concentration and size. It is urgent to study their interaction with living organisms, in particular plants, for which the main action is the realization of the genetic orientation of various varieties and hybrids, as well as the enhancement of the biosynthesis of biologically active compounds. The same biological effects are caused by nanoparticles of the same size, although the magnitude of their activity is different. It is assumed that these effects are due to the action of a certain regulatory response signal in biological systems. One of the responses may be changes in the structure of membranes that allow the passage of nanostructured particles, which can contribute to a change in the functional state of the cell. The magnitude of the response signal depends on the concentration of nanoparticles. The aim of this work is to study the effect of the size of nanostructured metals of various concentrations on the change in the functional state of the cell and the manifestation of biocompatibility and bioaccumulation in relation to nanoparticles.
Highlights
For metals in the nanoscale state, an increase in the chemical potential of substances at the interface and a change in their chemical potentials are characteristic
The effect of nanostructured copper, cobalt, iron and zinc after seeds pretreatment on morphophysiological properties of agricultural plants was studied. Their high biological activity was determined at concentrations of 0.01-100 g/t of seeds, while for all particles sized 30-80 nm, the same regularity in their action and the presence of the “effect of low doses” were observed
The plasma membrane, forming a hole structure, allows nanoparticles to penetrate into cells, which are further involved in metabolic processes
Summary
For metals in the nanoscale state (nanoparticle size up to 100 nm), an increase in the chemical potential of substances at the interface and a change in their chemical potentials are characteristic. High activity suggests the presence of properties of nanoparticles as adsorbents. All this indicates that nanomaterials can turn out to be a source of increased risk for living systems, or can be good as an energy component of growth and development processes. The most diverse information of particles of different physical-chemical properties, sizes and concentrations can enter living systems
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