Abstract
The role of minor additions of K 2O in praseodymium oxide-doped ZnO varistors was investigated by changing the K 2O concentration on the one hand and the starting particle size of ZnO on the other. The results of this investigation show that up to 0·3 mol% K 2O effectively controls ZnO grain growth, especially with submicron powders, resulting in a considerable increase in the breakdown field. However, when the starting ZnO particle size is larger, higher K 2O additions are required in order to have an effective increase of the breakdown field. Hence it is possible to arrive at higher breakdown fields for praseodymium-doped zinc oxide, either by selecting zinc oxide particles in the submicron range or by the controlled use of additives such as K 2O.
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