Abstract
The mode of locomotion of humans and primates leads to changes in their skeleton. Objective: Establish a link between the morphology of the tibia and the locomotive function from a comparative anatomical study between the tibias of bipeds, Homo Sapiens (HS) and Pan troglodytes verus (PTV), and of quadrupeds, Canis lupus familiaris (CLF) and Sus scrofadomesticus (SSD). Materials and methods: It concerned an analytical and comparative study by direct observation involving a sample of 52 tibias. We proceeded by direct observation, to a synthetic analysis of the morphological characteristics of the tibia that we compared in bipeds and in quadrupeds. Results: The tibial diaphyses of HS and PTV presented the same morphological conformation with an italic S aspect in HS and a varus aspect in PTV. With CLF and SSD, they are straighter and the different faces are distributed differently. The proximal epiphyses are voluminous and massive in both classes. In quadrupeds, they present upper tibial articular surfaces which are deformed backwards and a voluminous anterior tibial tuberosity. The distal epiphyses in quadrupeds are convex with more pronounced creases. Conclusion: This comparative study allowed us to demonstrate that the locomotive function has a significant impact on the morphology of the tibia.
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