Abstract
ABSTRACTIntroduction: Controversial reports suggest a relationship between growth pattern and cortical alveolar bone thickness, and its effect in the use of mini-implants. Objective: The main purpose of this study was to assess the influence of the growth pattern on the cortical alveolar bone thickness and on the stability and success rate of mini-implants. Methods: Fifty-six mini-implants were inserted in the buccal region of the maxilla of 30 patients. These patients were allocated into two groups, based on their growth pattern (horizontal group [HG] and vertical group [VG]). Cortical thickness was measured using Cone Beam Computed Tomography. Stability of mini-implants, soft tissue in the insertion site, sensitivity during loading and plaque around the mini-implants were evaluated once a month. Intergroup comparisons were performed using t tests, Mann-Whitney tests, and Fisher exact tests. Correlations were evaluated with Pearson’s correlation coefficient. Results: The cortical bone thickness was significantly greater in the HG at the maxillary labial anterior region and at the mandibular buccal posterior and labial anterior regions. There was a significant negative correlation between Frankfort-mandibular plane angle (FMA) and the labial cortical thickness of the maxilla, and with the labial and lingual cortical bone thicknesses of the mandible. No significant intergroup difference was found for mini-implant mobility and success rate. No associated factor influenced stability of the mini-implants. Conclusions: Growth pattern affects the alveolar bone cortical thickness in specific areas of the maxilla and mandible, with horizontal patients presenting greater cortical bone thickness. However, this fact may have no influence on the stability and success rate of mini-implants in the maxillary buccal posterior region.
Highlights
Controversial reports suggest a relationship between growth pattern and cortical alveolar bone thickness, and its effect in the use of mini-implants
Our results demonstrated that the soft tissue characteristics at the insertion site did not significantly influence the mini-implants stability, as previously reported.[19]
The primary objective of this study was to evaluate the influence of the vertical growth pattern on the alveolar bone cortical thickness and, secondarily, assess the factors related to the stability and success rate of orthodontic mini-implants
Summary
Controversial reports suggest a relationship between growth pattern and cortical alveolar bone thickness, and its effect in the use of mini-implants. Conclusions: Growth pattern affects the alveolar bone cortical thickness in specific areas of the maxilla and mandible, with horizontal patients presenting greater cortical bone thickness This fact may have no influence on the stability and success rate of mini-implants in the maxillary buccal posterior region. It is suggested that greater thickness of the alveolar cortical bone is associated with greater chances of primary stability and, better success rate.[4,5,6] In addition, associations between cortical bone thickness and vertical growth pattern have been evidenced, and the majority of the studies show that subjects with vertical growth pattern present thinner cortical bone, when compared with subjects with normal or horizontal growth.[7,8,9,10,11] These associations could lead to the speculation that the vertical growth pattern could have some influence on the stability and success rate of mini-implants. Only few studies have evaluated this direct association and the findings are controversial.[1,2,12]
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