Influence of the diet's structure on the occurrence of the main gynecological pathologies in the sakhalin population of holstein cows

Abstract

It was established that the level of metabolic energy and the content of raw fiber in diets significantly affects the milk productivity and the occurrence of reproductive pathologies of cows. With a high level of crude fiber and a lack of metabolic energy in the diet, 12.5 % of cows in the herd were diagnosed with persistent ovarian yellow body. Yellow bodies in the ovaries, as shown by surveys, were most often found 25-30 days after delivery or within the same period of time after infertile insemination, as well as in more distant terms. 23 % of sick cows have a diagnosis "ovarian hypofunction", with impaired growth, development, maturation and timely bursting of the follicles. In some cases, ovarian hypofunction occurred as a result of abnormal labor, untimely start-up and physiological old age of cows. In addition to ovarian pathology, cases of pathological processes in the uterus also led to infertility. Endometritis, as a rule, occurred with inflammation of the uterine mucosa (endometrium). This pathology usually occurred in cases of infection, injuries of the uterine mucosa during pathological childbirth, and retention of the afterbirth. With a low level of raw fiber in the diet and a high content of metabolic energy, the most common cows' pathologies were gynecological diseases in 28 heads (23.3 %). Pathological processes in the ovaries with a high level of metabolic energy in the diet almost completely disappear. Most often, endometritis was diagnosed in sick animals - 98.4 %, associated with infection of the genitals and birth injuries. Studies have shown that blood metabolites, body reserves, and the effectiveness of feeding dairy cows depend on the pH of the environment that occurs when feeding different types of diets. One of the conditions for active fermentation of the substrate is the optimal amount of raw fiber. Pathological processes in the ovaries with a high level of metabolic energy in the diet almost completely disappear.