Abstract
Analogously to the aqueous K-soap/water systems already examined, the five glycerol · (Gl)-containing systems KCn/Gl (n = 12, 14, 16, 18, 22) also built up hexagonal (Hα), lamellar (Lα), isotropic micellar (S), gel-like (G) and crystalline phases (C). These phases were identified by texture observations with a polarizing microscope, by differential scanning calorimetry measurements and by X-ray diffraction investigations. The appertaining phase regions were plotted in the binary phase diagram. Binary Gl-containing K-soap systems have the following properties. The Hα phase is built up at low soap concentration. The Lα phase is formed at high soap concentrations. The temperature of the phase transition Hα ⇆ S runs through a maximum. Increasing the chain lengths of the soaps shifts the formation of the Hα phase to lower soap concentration. A strong correlation between the chain length of K-soaps and the d values of Lα, Hα, G and C phases is found. Based on the comparison of the X-ray diffractograms of the G phase a structural model is proposed. The G phase consists of two groups of domains with two different dimensions.
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