Abstract
In the field of ammunition, piezoelectric ceramics are increasingly used as part of impact fuze systems. It is an urgent problem to improve the low-temperature storage and low-temperature environment adaptability of piezoelectric ceramic power supply. In order to study the dynamic mechanical and electrical response characteristics of PZT-5H at − 40 to 25 °C, the static electrical parameters of PZT-5H at different temperatures were measured, and the Hopkinson bar experiments at different temperatures and impact velocities were carried out by using the self-established low-temperature mechanical and electrical test system. The variation of resistivity and relative permittivity of PZT-5H from − 40 to 25 °C is obtained by experiment, and the relaxation time of PZT-5H is obtained according to Debye’s theory. Combined with the observation of scanning electron microscope (SEM), the influence mechanism of porosity and crack on the electrical output characteristics of piezoelectric ceramics was obtained. The mechanism of the freezing effect of piezoelectric ceramics at low temperatures is obtained through space charge theory analysis. The variation of the dynamic piezoelectric voltage constant with temperature and time in the elastic region measured by the experiment is clarified.
Highlights
Since 1954, Jaffe et al[1]. had made PZT ferroelectric ceramics for the first time, many scholars had carried out a lot of experimental research on the properties of PZT series ceramics
The results showed that PZT-4 was relatively stable in the temperature range of -150 °C to 25 °C, and PZT-5H had better piezoelectric properties at room temperature
The static electrical parameters of PZT-5H were measured at the temperature of
Summary
Since 1954, Jaffe et al[1]. had made PZT ferroelectric ceramics for the first time, many scholars had carried out a lot of experimental research on the properties of PZT series ceramics. Carried out 0-100Mpa pressure tests on the hybrid ferroelectric system near room temperature (25-37.5°C), and analyzed the piezoelectric and dielectric properties of the ferroelectric materials for the first time under the thermal mechanical coupling. Introduced an experimental method for directly and quantitatively measuring the domain walls and intrinsic contributions of piezoelectric and dielectric response of ferroelectric materials, and evaluated the contribution of domain walls and intrinsic parts of PZT 52/48 and PZT-500 ceramics and their relationship with temperature by using this method. This study only explained the change rule of temperature on the structural characteristics of PZT based ceramics, and did not discuss its electrical characteristics and electromechanical coupling characteristics. The fracture and the mechanical-electrical response characteristics of PZT-5H at different temperatures and impact velocities are analyzed based on the theory of one-dimensional elastic stress wave propagation and microscopic observation
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