Abstract
Abstract Nonwovens represent a part of technical textiles that are used for clothing (“cloth tech”). Nonwovens are also used in the footwear industry mainly for functional purposes, where the aesthetic properties are not of great importance. They are mainly used for support and reinforcement of footwear. All three groups of textiles are used for footwear, i.e. woven fabrics, knitted fabrics and nonwovens that are produced directly from fibres, yarns or threads mainly from chemical fibres and in a small proportion from natural fibres. Footwear textiles need to have good mechanical properties (at compressive loading), abrasion resistance, permeability properties and heat resistance. These properties are in close connection with the nonwoven structure or composite materials. The basic intention of the presented research was to analyse the influence of the technology process on nonwovens for footwear responsiveness. Analysed footwear nonwovens in the presented research were on one side coated but on the other side consisted of a two-layer laminate. For this purpose, two different technological processes were used (coating and lamination). The results of the presented research showed that laminated samples express higher elastic recovery at compressive loading than coated samples. The treatment does not have an important influence on elastic recovery at compressive loading. Laminated samples express higher water permeability and lower absorption of water than coated samples, even after 24 hours of treatment in distilled water and compressive loading. The treatment of specimens in distilled water for 24 hours and compressive load of 789.6 N does not have an important influence on elastic recovery at compressive loading, water vapour permeability, air permeability and absorption of analysed samples. Air permeability could not be measured on coated samples.
Highlights
The footwear industry present currently in the market is faced with a multitude of new materials
Nonwoven textiles which are intended for the use in the footwear industry are predominantly made of chemical fibres
The research focuses on 3D nonwoven structures that are constructed after the so-called strutto procedure, where, according to the carding process, the fibres in nonwovens are diverted from the horizontal to the vertical direction by vertical lapping [6]
Summary
The footwear industry present currently in the market is faced with a multitude of new materials. The type of the material depends on the price of the product and its quality. Nonwoven textiles which are intended for the use in the footwear industry are predominantly made of chemical fibres. Knitwear, woven and nonwoven textiles are used. Knitwear is very elastic and flexible, and can often not be coated due to their open structure. Woven fabrics are used to a lesser extent for coating. Nonwoven textiles are the most commonly used. Many nonwoven textiles cannot be directly coated due to their rough and uneven surface. The coating and lamination techniques are commonly used in the footwear industry. The coating and lamination techniques are commonly used in the footwear industry. [1, 2]
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