Abstract
Nanostructured tungsten trioxide porous films were prepared by a non-hydrolytic sol–gel method following the inorganic route in which ethanol and PEG were used as the oxygen-donor and structure-directing reagent, respectively. The effects of aging time of the precursor solution, PEG content, and calcination temperature on the structure, morphology, and NO2 sensing properties of WO3 films were systematically investigated by using the techniques of X-ray diffraction, field emission scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, and gas sensing measurements. The results demonstrated that a series of WO3 films with different microstructures could be obtained by manipulating the synthesis parameters. Furthermore, a suitable synthesis condition of WO3 films for NO2 sensing application was determined.
Highlights
Tungsten trioxide (WO3 ), as an important n-type semiconductor metal oxide with a wide band gap of 2.6~3.0 eV [1], is showing promising applications in a wide number of novel products, including photocatalytic [2], electrochromic devices [3], dye-sensitized solar cells [4], optical devices [5], field-emission displays [6], and gas sensors [7,8,9]
In 1967, Shaver observed the change in conductivity of WO3 films upon exposure to H2 atmosphere [12]
In recent years, nanostructured WO3 films have been the subject of intense research for high-performance NO2 sensing due to their excellent NO2 selectivity
Summary
Tungsten trioxide (WO3 ), as an important n-type semiconductor metal oxide with a wide band gap of 2.6~3.0 eV [1], is showing promising applications in a wide number of novel products, including photocatalytic [2], electrochromic devices [3], dye-sensitized solar cells [4], optical devices [5], field-emission displays [6], and gas sensors [7,8,9]. WO3 is widely considered to be one of the most promising alternative candidate materials for the next-generation gas sensing devices [10,11]. In 1967, Shaver observed the change in conductivity of WO3 films upon exposure to H2 atmosphere [12]. The application of WO3 films in gas sensing has been attracting great attention.
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