Abstract
In this work, we investigated the effects of surface roughness and agitation on the morphology of magnetite films electrodeposited from alkaline Fe(III)-triethanolamine (TEA) solutions on carbon steel substrates. The surface roughness of the carbon steel substrates was maintained in the range of 1.64–0.06 μm by using mechanical grinding and polishing methods. The agitation speed was set at 0 and 900 rpm during the electrodeposition process. The particle size and surface roughness value of the magnetite films gradually decreased with decreasing substrate roughness. However, the influence of the substrate roughness on the thickness of the magnetite film was negligible. The morphology of the magnetite film fabricated at 900 rpm appeared to be highly faceted compared to that of the magnetite film produced at 0 rpm. The thickness and surface roughness of the magnetite film significantly increased with the agitation speed, which also significantly affected the electrodeposition efficiency. The effects of substrate surface roughness and agitation on the morphology of magnetite films electrodeposited on carbon steel substrates were also discussed. The obtained results provide critical information for the simulation of magnetite deposits on carbon steel pipes in the secondary systems of nuclear power plants.
Highlights
Magnetite is a half-metallic metal oxide with inverse spinel structure and cubic lattice parameter, a = 0.8397 nm; it exhibits ferrimagnetism below the Curie temperature of860 K [1,2]
We reported a systematic investigation of the morphology of magnetite films deposited on carbon steel substrates from Fe(III)–TEA solutions, with particular regard to the substrate surface roughness and agitation speed during the electrodeposition process
The particle size and surface roughness value of the magnetite films gradually decreased with decreasing the substrate roughness
Summary
Magnetite is a half-metallic metal oxide with inverse spinel structure and cubic lattice parameter, a = 0.8397 nm (space group = Fd3m); it exhibits ferrimagnetism below the Curie temperature of. The tetrahedral sites are occupied by Fe3+ ions, while the octahedral sites are shared by. Magnetite is well known as a major corrosion by-product, as it forms on the surface of carbon steel pipes of the secondary coolant systems of nuclear pressurized water reactors (PWR) [3,4]. Wall thinning of carbon steel pipes, vessels, and tubes is generally caused by flow accelerated corrosion (FAC), which is caused by the removal of the magnetite layer in a stream of flowing water or wet steam. FAC has caused a large number of failures in carbon steel pipelines of PWR secondary circuits [4]
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