Abstract
Magnetic pulse welding can be considered as an advanced joining technique because it does not require any shielding atmosphere and input heat similar to conventional welding techniques. However, it requires comprehensive evaluations for bonding dissimilar materials. In addition to processing parameters, the surface preparation of the components, such as target material, needs to be evaluated. Different surface conditions were tested (machined, sand-blasted, polished, lubricated, chemically attacked, and threaded) using a fixed gap and standoff distance for welding. Microstructural observations and tensile testing revealed that the weld quality is dependent on surface preparation. The formation of waviness microstructure and intermetallic compounds were verified at the interface of some joints. However, these conditions did not guarantee the strength.
Highlights
The use of multi-material structures for complex lightweight applications is noticeable; this requires the implementation of joining technologies for dissimilar materials
Further investigations on advanced techniques such as magnetic pulse welding (MPW) are still needed in order to evaluate the influence of surface preparation on the weld
A welding window can give us an indication of the welding range, this window was obtained from the results of the compression tests of similar aluminium tubes and copper rods in a previous study [18] taking into account the effect of three main parameters such as the charging voltage, the air gap width (S) and overlap distance (LWZ), this was possible to monitor these parameters during the MPW process
Summary
The use of multi-material structures for complex lightweight applications is noticeable; this requires the implementation of joining technologies for dissimilar materials These joints are produced by different techniques such as mechanical fastening, fusion joining, and adhesive bonding, etc., each technique can provide different levels of strength. Material type, dimensions of the materials such as flyer thickness, the gap between the materials (standoff gap), electric conductivity, strength, elongation, and surface conditions are effective parameters for MPW [5,9] Impact welding processes such as MPW are associated with a jet phenomenon that consists of thin layers of the oxide, of the flyer, and of the target metals and contaminants from the colliding surfaces. There are two studies that clearly presented the influence of pre-treatments on the joint quality [12,14], and the other two works mentioned that the processing conditions such as impact angle strongly determine the weld quality [13,15]
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