Abstract
The present study examines the influence of surface pretreatment on the evolution of nanotubular (T) and nanoporous (P) oxide film morphologies on titanium foil anodized potentiostatically, at , in fluoride-containing electrolyte. The foil was used in the untreated, mechanically/chembreically polished or preanodized conditions. The preanodization resulted in fluoride-free barrier films. Mainly T regions were produced on polished foil during subsequent anodizing in fluoride-containing electrolyte. In contrast, the P regions dominated on polished foil preanodized to . Both P and T regions resulted with rolled foil preanodized to or polished foil preanodized to . Raman spectroscopy disclosed anatase and rutile at P regions, whereas T regions are mainly amorphous. The P film thickened at a constant rate of , while the T film reached a limiting thickness of due to the relatively high solubility of the amorphous oxide. The presence of P film resulted in increased currents during anodizing. Furthermore, the results suggest that the formation of T film depends upon the access of ions to the titanium/film interface, resulting in the stabilization of a mainly amorphous film structure.
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