Influence of sublethal effects of imidacloprid, indoxacarb and lambda-cyhalothrin on life history traits of Blattella germanica (Blattodea: Ectobiidae)

Abstract

The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of sublethal doses (LD10 and LD25) of lambda-cyhalothrin, imidacloprid, and indoxacarb on life-history traits of B. germanica using age-stage, two-sex life tables. Therefore, The results showed that the longevity of B. germanica adults was significantly decreased when compared to adults in control treatment. Moreover, the cockroach females lived longer than males. Furthermore, nymph longevity of B. germanica was increased compared to the nymph in control treatment. Additionally, it was observed that the fecundity, reproductive value (Vxj), net reproductive rate (R0), gross reproduction rate (GRR), finite rate of increase (λ), and intrinsic rate of increase (rm) were significantly reduced. On the contrary, the means of generation time (T) and the total preovipositional period (TPOP) of treatments were increased compared to the control series. Understanding the mechanisms of insecticidal sublethal impacts on insects and on their subsequent generations is of ultimate importance for proper applying of insecticides.