Influence of Structural Parameters of Nonwoven Geotextiles on Separation and Filtration in Road Construction

Špela Bezgovšek,Dunja Šajn Gorjanc,Stanislav Lenart,Boštjan Pulko

doi:10.2478/aut-2019-0038

Abstract

Abstract Nonwoven geotextiles are often used in road construction as a separation layer. They consist of the web of fibers with different orientations. The orientation of fibers has an important influence on physical and mechanical properties of nonwoven geotextiles. The production of nonwoven geotextiles is cheaper in comparison to woven or knitted fabrics which can also be used as separation geotextiles. The purpose of this research was to study the influence of structural properties of nonwoven geotextiles, namely the diameter of fibers and mass and thickness of nonwoven geotextiles, on their mechanical and hydraulic properties. Six types of nonwoven geotextiles were used in the research. They were produced by the drylaid process (carded) using mechanical bonding technique and also with the combination of mechanical and thermal bonding technique. The research confirmed that the bonding technique and structural properties significantly influence the separation and filtration properties of nonwoven geotextiles, such as opening size and water permeability. It was also found that there are no significant differences in mechanical properties, such as viscoelastic properties and compression creep, between the samples in the dry and wet conditions.

Highlights

The field of technical textiles, which recorded positive economic and employment trends in the EU, is an example of the “traditional sector,” which succeeded in rebuilding itself into a new business model, fully adapted to the needs of the new industrial revolution
Interesting results of the tensile strengths can be observed in case of sample 2, which is spunlaced, where the breaking stress in the wet condition increases by 8.8% compared to dry condition
The results show that the samples with higher permittivity have higher opening size, while samples with lower opening size have lower permittivity

Summary

Introduction

The field of technical textiles, which recorded positive economic and employment trends in the EU, is an example of the “traditional sector,” which succeeded in rebuilding itself into a new business model, fully adapted to the needs of the new industrial revolution (smarter, more inclusive, and more sustainable). Textile materials and technologies in the field of technical textiles are key innovations that could help to address the extremely diverse societal challenges. The nature of fibers (polyester [PES], polypropylene [PP], viscose, cotton, carbon, glass, aramide, etc.) and the choice of the most appropriate production techniques (spinning, weaving, braiding, knitting, nonwovens, etc.), including finishing operations (dyeing, printing, coating, laminating, etc.), enable manufacturers of technical textiles to offer textile solutions that provide mechanical properties, replacement options, or protective properties that meet the specific needs of end users. Based on the standard SIST EN 13249-13256, the functions of geotextiles from the civil engineering point of view are as follows:

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Results

Conclusion