Abstract
Abstract The paper presents the results of analysis of surface roughness parameters in the Krosno Sandstones of Mucharz, southern Poland. It was aimed at determining whether these parameters are influenced by structural features (mainly the laminar distribution of mineral components and directional distribution of non-isometric grains) and fracture processes. The tests applied in the analysis enabled us to determine and describe the primary statistical parameters used in the quantitative description of surface roughness, as well as specify the usefulness of contact profilometry as a method of visualizing spatial differentiation of fracture processes in rocks. These aims were achieved by selecting a model material (Krosno Sandstones from the Górka-Mucharz Quarry) and an appropriate research methodology. The schedule of laboratory analyses included: identification analyses connected with non-destructive ultrasonic tests, aimed at the preliminary determination of rock anisotropy, strength point load tests (cleaved surfaces were obtained due to destruction of rock samples), microscopic analysis (observation of thin sections in order to determine the mechanism of inducing fracture processes) and a test method of measuring surface roughness (two- and three-dimensional diagrams, topographic and contour maps, and statistical parameters of surface roughness). The highest values of roughness indicators were achieved for surfaces formed under the influence of intragranular fracture processes (cracks propagating directly through grains). This is related to the structural features of the Krosno Sandstones (distribution of lamination and bedding).
Highlights
Investigation of surface textures is usually accomplished on several levels: macroscopic, microscopic and submicroscopic.Surface roughness is a morphological feature of a solid that is not a result of its shape, but is at least an order of magnitude smaller
Tests characterizing the impact of structural features and fracture processes on surface roughness were performed on samples of the Krosno Sandstones, collected in the Górka–Mucharz Quarry, located in the eastern part of the Little Beskids in southern Poland (Fig. 1)
The tests enabled us to determine and describe the primary statistical parameters used in the quantitative description of surface roughness, as well as specify the usefulness of contact profilometry as a method of visualizing spatial differentiation of fracture processes in rocks
Summary
Investigation of surface textures is usually accomplished on several levels: macroscopic (including waviness and other surface defects), microscopic (surface roughness) and submicroscopic (very minor surface irregularities). As a result of cracking processes, is based on the rapid spread of fractures This process is facilitated by the existence of inhomogeneous fragments in the internal structure (structural defects). There are three basic types of fractures in rocks: intragranular, intergranular, and transgranular These types differ in factors that cause crack formation, types of structural elements that are involved in the propagation, intensity of the process, and subsequent residual strength [10]. The process of destruction is an individual feature of the rock, depending on the mineral composition, origin, and internal structure. To predict the impact of the internal structure and fracture processes on surface roughness, it is important to determine directions of microcrack propagation and the structural conditions at which preferential fracture planes form, accelerating rock degradation
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