Abstract
Wheat stripe rust (Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici, Pst), is one of the most serious diseases of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) worldwide. To gain a better understanding of the protective mechanism against stripe rust at the adult plant stage, the differences in photosystem II and antioxidant enzymatic systems between susceptible and resistant wheat in response to stripe rust disease (P. striiformis) were investigated. We found that chlorophyll fluorescence and the activities of the antioxidant enzymes were higher in resistant wheat than in susceptible wheat after stripe rust infection. Compared with the susceptible wheat, the resistant wheat accumulated a higher level of D1 protein and a lower level of reactive oxygen species after infection. Furthermore, our results demonstrate that D1 and light-harvesting complex II (LHCII) phosphorylation are involved in the resistance to stripe rust in wheat. The CP29 protein was phosphorylated under stripe rust infection, like its phosphorylation in other monocots under environmental stresses. More extensive damages occur on the thylakoid membranes in the susceptible wheat compared with the resistant wheat. The findings provide evidence that thylakoid protein phosphorylation and antioxidant enzyme systems play important roles in plant responses and defense to biotic stress.
Highlights
Common wheat (Triticum aesitivum L.) is the major cereal crop in the world, and its yield and grain quality are highly impacted by various fungal diseases such as Fusarium head blight, powdery mildew (Blumeria graminis), stem rust (Puccinia graminis), and stripe rust (Puccinia Striiformis; Pei et al, 2015)
We found that chlorophyll fluorescence and the activities of the antioxidant enzymes were higher in resistant wheat than in susceptible wheat after stripe rust infection
Effect of Wheat Stripe Rust on the Chlorophyll (Chl) Content, relative water content (RWC), and Total Protein Content There was no significant difference in the Chl, photosynthetic rate (Pn), RWC, and total protein content between the control plants of the susceptible and resistant wheat (Figure 2)
Summary
Common wheat (Triticum aesitivum L.) is the major cereal crop in the world, and its yield and grain quality are highly impacted by various fungal diseases such as Fusarium head blight, powdery mildew (Blumeria graminis), stem rust (Puccinia graminis), and stripe rust (Puccinia Striiformis; Pei et al, 2015). Wheat production can be greatly reduced or even completely destroyed when seedlings are infected and the disease continues to spread during the growing season (Chen, 2005). Growing resistant cultivars is the most effective, safest, economical, and environmentally sound approach to control the wheat stripe rust (Chen, 2005; Dodds and Rathjen, 2010). It is essential to create strategies for improving disease resistance in wheat
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