Abstract
This study aimed to compare the post-activation potentiation performance enhancement (PAPE) response to the acute inertial flywheel (FW) and free weight resistance training (TRA) on subsequent countermovement jump (CMJ) and sprint performance (10 m sprint). This study used a randomized crossover design including twenty-eight healthy males that were divided into strong (relative one-repetition maximum (1RM) back squat > 2.0 × body mass) and weak (relative 1RM back squat < 2.0 × body mass) groups. All participants performed the following: (a) three reps at 90% of their 1RM back squat (TRA) and (b) three reps on an inertial FW (plus one repetition to initiate flywheel movement) with an intensity that generated a mean propulsive velocity equal to that achieved with 90% of the 1RM back squat. Before and after the conditioning activity, participants performed two CMJs and two 10 m sprints. Within-group analyses showed significantly greater CMJ (d > 0.9, p < 0.001) and sprint performance (d > 0.5, p < 0.05) in the FW and the TRA group. Between-group analysis showed that sprint changes were significantly greater in the FW-strong group when compared with the TRA (F1,18 = 5.11, p = 0.036, η2p = 0.221—large) group. These results suggest that using a squat activation protocol on a FW may lead to an acute positive effect on jump and sprint performance, especially in stronger individuals.
Highlights
An acute enhancement in neuromuscular performance after completing a high-intensity conditioning activity represents what is termed a post-activation performance enhancement (PAPE) [1].Typically, this phenomenon is most noted as improvements in the performance of explosive movements, such as jumping and sprinting [2]
When shorter rest intervals are placed between the conditioning activity and the performance activity, these athletes may not be able dissipate the fatigue generated by the conditioning activity in order to stimulate a performance enhancement [12]
The magnitude of improvement is greater in those individuals that were able to squat a minimum of 2 times their body mass
Summary
An acute enhancement in neuromuscular performance after completing a high-intensity conditioning activity represents what is termed a post-activation performance enhancement (PAPE) [1].Typically, this phenomenon is most noted as improvements in the performance of explosive movements, such as jumping and sprinting [2]. When shorter rest intervals are placed between the conditioning activity and the performance activity, these athletes may not be able dissipate the fatigue generated by the conditioning activity in order to stimulate a performance enhancement [12]. Based upon this line of reasoning, Seitz and Haff [11] suggest that an athlete’s strength level directly impacts the balance between fatigue and potentiation and dictates how much recovery is required between the conditioning activity and the performance [13]. It appears clear that stronger individuals will display a greater PAPE response after shorter recovery periods [11]
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