Abstract
Aim of the study was to investigate the features of vaccine prevention of leptospirosis and its influence on morbidity.Materials and methods. The incidence of human leptospirosis in the Russian Federation in 1956–2016, 41 cases of disease in Siberia and the Far East in 2012–2016, official Rossel'khoznadzor data, volumes of laboratory studies and vaccination of animals in Primorsk Territory and Irkutsk Region were analyzed. Blood sera from 7315 humans, 2189 dogs, 481 bovine animals and 50 small cattle, 115 pigs, 88 horses were investigated to pathogenic Leptospira antibodies.Results. Essential significance of vaccinal leptospiroses prevention in farm animals and dogs to decrease the epizootic and epidemic process activities is demonstrated. Currently, the epidemic process in Siberia and at the Far East includes only sporadic cases, the immune stratum of the population is 3,7 ± 0,2%. Postvaccinal antibody titres in dogs, pigs and small cattle rarely exceed 1:100 while in bovine animals and horses it can reach 1:800 without disease signs.Conclusion. Human immunization in the antropurgic foci is impractical at effective specific prophylaxis for animals. The standard base for leptospiroses requires improvement. The concept of absolute and relative diagnostic antibody titer in microagglutination test is offered to use in clinical diagnostics. In veterinary the correction of diagnostic titer depending on the animal species and vaccination time is necessary.
Highlights
Influence of Specific Leptospirosis Prevention to Epidemic Process N
Allenov5 1 Irkutsk Antiplague Research Institute of Rospotrebnadzor, Irkutsk 2 Veterinary Service in Irkutsk Region, Irkutsk 3 State Veterinary Inspectorate of Primorsk Territory, Vladivostok 4 Khabarovsk Antiplague Station of Rospotrebnadzor, Khabarovsk 5 Primorsk Antiplague Station of Rospotrebnadzor, Ussuriysk Abstract Aim of the study was to investigate the features of vaccine prevention of leptospirosis and its influence on morbidity
Blood sera from 7315 humans, 2189 dogs, 481 bovine animals and 50 small cattle, 115 pigs, 88 horses were investigated to pathogenic Leptospira antibodies
Summary
Влияние специфической профилактики лептоспирозов на эпидемический процесс. Influence of Specific Leptospirosis Prevention to Epidemic Process N. Вакцина для профилактики лептоспироза у людей содержит смесь лептоспир четырех сероваров copenhageni, grippotyphosa, mozdoc, sejroe [2]; лошадей – пяти серогрупп Pomona, Tarassovi, Icterohaemorrhagiae, Grippotyphosa и Canicola; свиней и собак (поливалентная вакцина ВГНКИ, вариант 1) – Pomona, Tarassovi, Icterohaemorrhagiae и Canicola; крупного и мелкого рогатого скота (поливалентная вакцина ВГНКИ, вариант 2) – Pomona, Tarassovi, Grippotyphosa и трех сероваров лептоспир серогруппы Sejroe (saxkoebing, hardjo, balcanica) [1]. Для иммунизации собак чаще используют вакцину «Нобивак» (Нидерланды), состоящую из лептоспир серогрупп Canicola (серовар рotland-vere), Icterohaemorrhagiaе (сopenhageni), Australis (bratislava), Grippotyphosa (dadas), а также «Эурикан» и «Гексадог» (Франция), представляющие собой шестивалентные вакцины против чумы плотоядных, аденовирусной и парвовирусной инфекции, парагриппа, лептоспирозов (двух серогрупп Icterohaemorrhagiae и Canicola) и бешенства собак.
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