Influence of source and amount of dietary protein on performance, blood metabolites, and reproductive function of primiparous beef cows2

Abstract

Forty Angus x Hereford 2-yr-old primiparous cows (358 kg) were used to determine the effects of source and amount of CP on performance, reproductive function, and metabolic status of suckled primiparous cows. A 2 x 2 factorial treatment arrangement was used; cows received either 100 or 150% of NRC recommendations for CP in diets that contained either soybean meal (low escape = L) or corn gluten meal/blood meal (high escape = H) as the principal supplemental protein source. Resulting treatments were 100-L, 100-H, 150-L, and 150-H. Cows were individually fed diets for 100 d or until they were observed to be in standing estrus. Diets were isoenergetic and limit-fed to meet NRC recommendations for NE, Ca, and P for 364-kg, 2-yr-old primiparous cows producing 4.5 kg of milk daily and gaining .23 kg/d. Increased CP tended (P = .09) to increase ADG in cows, but body condition score was unaffected. Increased CP and use of a CP source with higher potential for ruminal escape increased ADG in calves from d 0 to 97 (P = .002 and .04, respectively), which corresponded with numerical changes in milk production. Feeding high escape CP sources decreased plasma glucose and urea N (P = .04 and .0001, respectively). Increased CP tended (P = .12) to increase plasma glucose and increased (P = .0001) plasma urea N. Treatment had no effect on profiles of LH or progesterone. Although numerical differences in conception rate seemed large for 100-L compared with the remaining treatments, statistical significance was not detected.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)