Abstract
Field studies were conducted in Assiut Governorate during the growing cotton season of 2017 to investigate the effect of five IGR,s compounds (Ivcoron, Cligeron, Kfarussel, Kligeron & Hixie) in addition to, Abizo as one oxadiazine and Defensor-c as one pyrethroid against the cotton leafworm, Spodoptera littoralis (Boisd.); two pyrethroids; (Super-Muthran & Karelot El-Nasr Gold); three organophorous compounds (Actacron, Agricron & Deliron El-Nasr Star) and Jinyu as one carbamate compound against the cotton bollworms; pink bollworm, Pectinophora gossypiella (Saund.) and spiny bollworm Earias insulana (Boisd.). Results indicated thatAgricron gave a higher reduction of the cotton bollworms infestation amounted to 82.52% followed by Actacron (79.72%), then, Super-Muthran, Karelot El-Nasr Gold, Jinyu& Deliron El-Nasr Star (79.04, 79.04, 78.71 & 78.12%) respectively. For the cotton leafworm, Kfarussel and Abizo proved to be the most effective in initial and residual activity causing 65 & 75% mortality respectively, while Hixie was the least effective. The field trials suggest that these tested compounds reduce the population growth of cotton leafworm and bollworms by affecting its development (larval instars) so, these compounds can be integrated pest management programs of cotton.
Highlights
INTRODUCTIONCotton is still among the most important commercial crops in Egypt, heavy losses are yearly recorded due to attack by various pests during the different stages of its development, the major insect-pests of cotton plants under study are the cotton leafworm, Spodoptera littoralis (Boisd.); the cotton bollworms, pink bollworm, Pectinophora gossypiella (Saund.) and spiny bollworm, Earias insulana (Boisd.), considered are a worldwide pest of cotton and in some regions of the world are the key cotton pests where, considered of the most destructive serious pests attacking cotton plants in the subsequent vegetative and fruiting stages of growth and later stages, most of its damage is directed to the green bolls, as well to flower buds and flowers, larvae damage the quality of the lint, seeds of fully-mature bolls and loss extend to oil contents in the seeds, it has been recorded to cause about 30-40% losses in the yield and increase the costs of insect control
The results are in agreement with Clarke and Jewess (1990) who showed that the enhanced toxicity of flufenoxuron to S. littoralis the compared with diflubenzuron can probably be attributed to its slow metabolism and reduced excretion
Sandeep et al, (2006) and Ismail (2018) proved that between four insecticides tested against cotton leafworm, indoxicarb was the most effectively controlled in cotton
Summary
Cotton is still among the most important commercial crops in Egypt, heavy losses are yearly recorded due to attack by various pests during the different stages of its development, the major insect-pests of cotton plants under study are the cotton leafworm, Spodoptera littoralis (Boisd.); the cotton bollworms, pink bollworm, Pectinophora gossypiella (Saund.) and spiny bollworm, Earias insulana (Boisd.), considered are a worldwide pest of cotton and in some regions of the world are the key cotton pests where, considered of the most destructive serious pests attacking cotton plants in the subsequent vegetative and fruiting stages of growth and later stages, most of its damage is directed to the green bolls, as well to flower buds and flowers, larvae damage the quality of the lint, seeds of fully-mature bolls and loss extend to oil contents in the seeds, it has been recorded to cause about 30-40% losses in the yield and increase the costs of insect control. With substantial indirect losses occur as a result of the destruction of beneficial insects and development of insecticides resistance in cotton (Haque, 1991; Mireulle et al, 1999 and El-Bassiony 2001). Plant protection has become a necessity of obtaining good yield. Control of these pests depended exclusively on insecticides, (Amin and Gergis 2006) as a result, this pest may develop resistance to those insecticides in many areas. The continuous evaluation of the insecticides efficiency for controlling the insect in different areas became urgent. This will give the chance to replace the failed controlling agents by the effective alternatives. The present study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of some recommended compounds to control some pests attacking cotton belonged five IGR,s; Ivcoron, Cleveron, Kfarussel, Kligeron & Hixie); Defensor-c as one pyrethroids and Abizo as one oxadiazine against the cotton leafworm; two pyrethroids; (Super-Muthran & Karelot ElNasr Gold); three organophorous compounds (Actacron, Agricron & Deliron El-Nasr Star) and Jinyu as one carbamate compound against the cotton bollworms
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