Abstract
In this study, cobalt sulfide (CoS) electrodes are synthesized using various solvents such as water, ethanol and a combination of the two via a facile chemical bath deposition method on Ni foam. The crystalline nature, chemical states and surface morphology of the prepared CoS nanoparticles are characterized using X-ray diffraction, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy and transition electron microscopy. The electrochemical properties of CoS electrodes are also evaluated using cyclic voltammetry, galvanostatic charge–discharge and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. When used as an electrode for a supercapacitor, CoS prepared with ethanol as a solvent exhibits a capacitance of 41.36 F g−1 at 1.5 A g−1, which is significantly better than that prepared using water and water/ethanol-based solvents (31.66 and 18.94 F g−1 at 1.5 A g−1, respectively). This superior capacitance is attributed to the ideal surface morphology of the solvent, which allows for easy diffusion of electrolyte ions into the inner region of the electrode. High electrical conduction enables a high rate capability. These results suggest that CoS nanoparticles are highly promising for energy storage applications as well as photocatalysis, electrocatalysis, water splitting and solar cells, among others. These results show that CoS is a promising positive electrode material for practical supercapacitors.
Highlights
A growing demand for energy resources has necessitated the development of high performance, environmentally friendly components for storage applications and energy generation [1,2]
We report an inexpensive and facile chemical bath deposition (CBD) method that we used to obtain different nanoparticles with which to form cobalt sulfide (CoS) thin films deposited on a nickel foam (Ni foam) substrate
Our results show that CoS exhibited good electrochemical properties for supercapacitor applications
Summary
A growing demand for energy resources has necessitated the development of high performance, environmentally friendly components for storage applications and energy generation [1,2]. The electrode materials used in pseudocapacitors rely on the presence of a redox-based fast faradaic reaction at the surface of the electrode and near the intercalation of electrolytes, which exhibit relatively large capacitance values from stored energy They have higher energy than EDLCs [9]. The surface morphology, surface area, particle size and porosity of CoS change its specific capacitance; its properties can vary dramatically according to the solvent used in its preparation As such, this pseudocapacitive material is being used and researched extensively for a variety of applications. Its specific capacitance of 41.36 F g−1 at 1.5 A g−1 with ethanol as a solvent was higher than that with water and water/ethanol-based solvents (31.66 and 18.94 F g−1 at 1.5 A g−1, respectively) These interesting results highlights the potential of CoS supercapacitor as a high performance energy storage system for practical applications
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