Influence of social capital on self-perception related to orthodontic treatment need

Sandra Denise Fachini Sedrez,Carolina Carmo De Menezes,Marcelo De Castro Meneghim,Silvia Amélia Scudeler Vedovello,Giovana Cherubini Venezian,Ana Paula Terossi De Godoi

doi:10.20396/bjos.v19i0.8656537

Sandra Denise Fachini Sedrez, Carolina Carmo De Menezes + Show 4 more

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https://doi.org/10.20396/bjos.v19i0.8656537

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Abstract

Aim: To evaluate the influence of social capital on self-perception related to orthodontic treatment need. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted with a sample of 578 11-16 years-old adolescents from a city in southern Brazil. Social capital was evaluated using the Social Capital Questionnaire for Adolescent Students (SCQ-AS). Index of Orthodontic Treatment Need (IOTN) assessed malocclusion and self-perception related to orthodontic treatment need. Sociodemographic aspects of adolescents were also evaluated. Individual analyses were performed, relating the study variables to the outcome, estimating the odds ratio with the respective confidence intervals of 95%. The variables with p<0.20 in the individual analyses were tested in the multiple logistic regression models, and those with p<0.10 remained in the model. Results: Social capital did not influence the self-perception related to orthodontic treatment need. Adolescents with high orthodontic needs were 5.35 (CI 95%: 2.68 to 10.65) times more likely to perceived orthodontic treatment need (p <0.05). Crowding and dental absence were associated with self-perception related to orthodontic treatment need (p <0.05). Conclusions: Social capital did not influence the self-perception related to orthodontic treatment need.

Highlights

Oral health is a fundamental component of physical health and mental well-being
There was no significant association between sociodemographic variables, social capital and self-perception related to orthodontic treatment need (p> 0.05)
The majority of the studies was carried out with populations of adults[14,15,18,19,21] and little is known regarding the relationship between social capital and health outcomes among adolescents[8,16,17,20], on the impact of malocclusion

Summary

Introduction

Oral health is a fundamental component of physical health and mental well-being. The values and attitudes of individuals and communities can influence oral health, as well as their experiences, perceptions, expectations and adaptability, reflecting on the physiological, social and psychological aspects that are essential for life quality[1].Considering the assessment of oral health, malocclusion is a condition of high prevalence[2], with direct influence on quality of life. Oral health is a fundamental component of physical health and mental well-being. The values and attitudes of individuals and communities can influence oral health, as well as their experiences, perceptions, expectations and adaptability, reflecting on the physiological, social and psychological aspects that are essential for life quality[1]. Considering the assessment of oral health, malocclusion is a condition of high prevalence[2], with direct influence on quality of life. There is no consensus if the orthodontic treatment need is perceived by adolescents[5,6,7]. Adolescents are a group exposed to situations of physical, emotional and social risks due to the environmental context[8]. The change from the traditional orthodontic model to a more biopsychosocial model increased interest of the literature[9]

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