Influence of silicon on sheath blight of rice in Brazil

Abstract

The effect of silicon (Si) on sheath blight ( Rhizoctonia solani Kühn) of rice was studied under greenhouse conditions. The predominant commercial rice cultivars ‘BR-IRGA 409’, ‘Metica-1’, ‘EPAGRI-109’, ‘Rio Formoso’, ‘Javaé’, and ‘CICA-8’, were grown in pots containing low-Si soil amended with 0, 0.48, 0.96, 1.44 or 1.92 g Si pot −1. Plants were inoculated at the maximum tillering stage. For all cultivars, Si concentration in straw increased more than 60% as the rates of Si increased from 0 to 1.92 g pot −1. Incubation period of R. solani was slightly prolonged with increasing Si rates and ranged from 53 to 64 h depending upon the cultivar. Total number of sheath blight lesions, total area under the relative lesion extension progress curve, severity of sheath blight, and the highest relative lesion height on the main tiller decreased by 37%, 40%, 52% and 24%, respectively, as the rate of Si increased from 0 to 1.92 g pot −1. Silicon may offer a viable method to control sheath blight in areas where soil is deficient in Si and cultivars with sheath blight resistance are not commercially available.