Influence of shift work on periodontitis according to the occupation group

Abstract

This study aimed to investigate the effects of shift work on periodontal disease in blue-and white-collar workers and to examine the interaction effects between occupation and work patterns. Data were collected from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey conducted by the Korean Ministry of Health and Welfare for a total of nine years from 2007 to 2015. Participants with missing outcome variables were excluded from the analysis and a total of 32,336 participants were included in the final analysis. Univariable odds ratios (OR) were calculated using a logistic regression model with 95% confidence interval (CI). A multivariable logistic regression analysis was performed using the backward elimination method. The CONTRAST statement was used to analyze the interaction effect between occupation and work patterns. Multivariable logistic regression analysis revealed that interaction effects are present between the terms, occupational type and work pattern. Crude OR of shift work for periodontitis was 1.269 [CI 1.213–1.327, P < 0.05]. However, following adjustment for multiple confounding factors and the interaction effect term considered, this OR (1.269) increased to 1.381 [CI 1.253–1.523] in white-collar group while it decreased to 1.198 [1.119–1.283] in blue-collar. Crude OR of blue-collar (OR = 3.123, CI 2.972–3.281, P < 0.05) decreased to 1.151 [CI 1.049–1.262] when interaction effect to the shift work was considered. Shift work pattern increases the risk for periodontitis and this adverse effect is greater when white-collar workers are engaged comparing to blue-collar. The result of this study suggests that 24/7 lifestyle of the modern society poses health risks to the relevant people and the potential harm can be greater to white-collar workers.