Influence of Shape on the Surface Plasmon Resonance of Tungsten Bronze Nanocrystals

Abstract

Localized surface plasmon resonance phenomena have recently been investigated in unconventional plasmonic materials such as metal oxide and chalcogenide semiconductors doped with high concentrations of free carriers. We synthesize colloidal nanocrystals of CsxWO3, a tungsten bronze in which electronic charge carriers are introduced by interstitial doping. By using varying ratios of oleylamine to oleic acid, we synthesize three distinct shapes of these nanocrystals—hexagonal prisms, truncated cubes, and pseudospheres—which exhibit strongly shape-dependent absorption features in the near-infrared region. We rationalize these differences by noting that lower symmetry shapes correlate with sharper plasmon resonance features and more distinct resonance peaks. The plasmon peak positions also shift systematically with size and with the dielectric constant of the surrounding media, reminiscent of typical properties of plasmonic metal nanoparticles.