Abstract
A comparison of the influence of sepiolite and lignin as potential synergists for fire retardant (FR) systems based on ammonium polyphosphate (APP) has been carried out in polyurethane elastomer and polylactide. Different ratios of kraft lignin and sepiolite were tested in combination with APP in both polymers. The thermal stability and the fire behavior of the corresponding composites were evaluated using Thermogravimetric Analysis (TGA), a Pyrolysis Combustion Flow Calorimeter (PCFC) and Cone Calorimeter (CC). The mechanisms of flame retardancy imparted by APP and other components were investigated. Synergistic effects were highlighted but only for specific ratios between APP and sepiolite in polyurethane elastomer (PUE) and polylactide (PLA) on one hand, and between APP and lignin in PLA on the other hand. Sepiolite acts as char reinforcement but through the formation of new phosphorus compounds it is also able to form a protective layer. Conversely, only complementary effects on fire performance were noted for lignin in PUE due to a dramatic influence on thermal stability despite its action on char formation.
Highlights
Polymeric materials have been used in a plethora of application fields
Intumescent fire retardant (FR) systems based on ammonium polyphosphate (APP) have been developed for many years and have been shown to improve the fire performance of both polymers [34,35,36,37]
Thermogravimetric Analysis (TGA) curves and Pyrolysis Combustion Flow Calorimeter (PCFC) results highlight a stronger reactivity between APP and polyurethane elastomer (PUE) in
Summary
Polymeric materials have been used in a plethora of application fields. Some of these fields are directly concerned with fire regulations. Various systems, reported in several reviews [1,2,3], have been used to improve the fire reaction of the different types of polymers and containing mainly phosphorus compounds [4,5,6,7], and organo-modified layered silicates (OMLS) [8,9,10] and more recently biobased fire retardants [11,12,13] This wide variety of systems reflects the complexity to find an efficient combination for each kind of polymer. Some flame retardants like phosphorus ones are devoted to oxygen and nitrogen containing polymers but they are not relevant for polyolefins
Sign-in/Register to view highlights & summary Sign-in/Register to access full text options 
Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a callDisclaimer: All third-party content on this website/platform is and will remain the property of their respective owners and is provided on "as is" basis without any warranties, express or implied. Use of third-party content does not indicate any affiliation, sponsorship with or endorsement by them. Any references to third-party content is to identify the corresponding services and shall be considered fair use under The CopyrightLaw.
