Abstract
The purpose of the present study was to examine the existence of the mediatory role of self-leadership strategies on the self-efficacy of people participating in physical activities, and individual differences in gender- and form of physical activity-related self-efficacy. One hundred and seventy-one undergraduate students from a Greek university participated. All participants participated in physical activities (competitive and recreational). They filled out validated Greek versions of the Revised Self-leadership Questionnaire (RSLQ) and General Self-Efficacy (GSE). Results revealed that self-leadership strategies (self-goal setting, self-reward, self-punishment and nature reward) predicted general self-efficacy, and they supported that gender affects general self-efficacy.
Highlights
The importance of Environmentally Friendly Vehicles (EFVs) is emerging due to the world-wide concern for the depletion of petroleum and global climate change
After verifying the research question, "Does the Total Cost of Ownership (TCO) difference between the gasoline vehicle and the hybrid electric vehicles (HEVs) affect the HEV sales share?" we examine the subsequent question, "How much does a reduction in HEV‟s TCO contribute to an increased HEV sales share?" The sales share of the HEV is important to reducing greenhouse gases and fuel consumption in traffic
We observed that the TCO of both the gasoline vehicles and HEVs became close at around 3250 million won if both cars were retained for the same five years
Summary
The importance of Environmentally Friendly Vehicles (EFVs) is emerging due to the world-wide concern for the depletion of petroleum and global climate change. With the release of various models and due to their high fuel efficiency, the sales increased up to 350% in two years to sell 3543 HEVs by December 2012. In spite of the key advantages in fuel efficiency and low carbon dioxide emission, the sales of HEVs in the year 2019 only still accounted for 2.9% of the entire automobile sales due to their high prices and low horsepower. We analyze the automobile market penetration of HEVs in South Korea with the following questions: (1) Does the difference of total costs of ownership between gasoline vehicles and HEVs in the same automobile model affects HEV sales share?
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