Influence of roughness and capillary size on the zeta potential values obtained by streaming potential measurements

Abstract

Streaming potential measurements are performed to determine the zeta potential of flat surfaces, particles, or fibers. Although the zeta potential is a well‐defined property of solid surfaces in a liquid, there are indications that the absolute values of the zeta potential calculated using the Helmholtz‐Smoluchowski equation are affected by surface roughness and—in case of particle or fiber assemblies—their packing density. The study at hand investigates these influences using flat polymer surfaces with different roughness and topography and assemblies of basalt spheres. It was found that increasing roughness of the flat surface and larger size or smaller number of particles in particle assemblies result in flatter slopes of the streaming potential versus pressure and thus lower apparent absolute values of the zeta potential. The interpretation of streaming potential measurements should therefore not focus on absolute zeta potential values but on trends in pH‐ and concentration‐dependent measurements.