Abstract
The present study deals with the formation of a phosphorylated polyvinyl alcohol (PPVA)-Aluminum Phosphate (AlPO4) nanocomposite, changing the pH solution under the two-step process involving the phosphorylation of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) followed by the conjugation with AlPO4. The composite was formed by varying the pH of the solution in the range of 7–12 and the reflected changes in the product’s morphology, crystallinity, surface nature, thermal stability, etc. were recorded using FESEM, XRD, FTIR, UV-Vis spectroscopy, TGA, etc. From the analysis, it was found that the particles formed with two different sizes of the probed pH, and at pH 10 they were homogeneously distributed. In addition, the morphology of the PPVA-AlPO4 composite also seems to be altered with respect to the pH and this is due to the differences in the amount of H+ and OH− anions. Thus, from the overall analysis, it can be indicated that pH 10 needs to be maintained for the formation of a spherical shape and uniformly distributed PPVA-AlPO4 nanocomposite.
Highlights
Polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) is an industrially applied polymer and offers the characteristics of high hydrophilicity along with good chemical and thermal stabilities
The present study of phosphorylated polyvinyl alcohol (PPVA)-AlPO4 nanocomposite formation over a pH range of 7–12 without heat treatment indicated the generation of maximum weight residue from the sample formed at pH 10 due to the enhanced interaction and bonding
The XRD analysis provided information about the crystalline nature of samples and the calculated crystallite size, indicating the development of two different microstructures due to the aggregation and agglomeration of small particles in the alkaline region, i.e., from pH 7 to 9 and 10 to 12. Such a development of microstructures in the PPVA-AlPO4 nanocomposite was affected by the amount of H+ and OH− ions varying due to the changes in pH
Summary
Polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) is an industrially applied polymer and offers the characteristics of high hydrophilicity along with good chemical and thermal stabilities. Other distinctively direct phosphate coatings were investigated to enhance the internal properties, e.g., aluminum phosphate (AlPO4), a type of naturally occurring compound with its low density, high melting point, and hardness when used in non-stoichiometric amounts, offers superior oxidation resistances and thermal degradations (over 1000 ◦C) [2]. This direct phosphate coating material allows for the formation of compatible thin films of high bonding strength even at low temperatures, where the coated films protect the sensitive surfaces from undergoing degradation in extreme environmental conditions [3]. Polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), phosphoric acid (H3PO4), aluminum nitrate (Al (NO3)3), aluminum hydroxide Al (OH), potassium hydroxide (KOH), and methanol (CH3OH) were purchased from R & M Chemicals, Malaysia and used without any further modification
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