Abstract
Sorption properties of various biochars have been extensively investigated by many researchers. One of the parameters that have a significant impact on sorption properties is pyrolysis temperature. This paper presents a study on the effect of pyrolysis temperature (425, 575, 725 °C) on the sorption properties of poultry-manure-derived biochar (BPM). The produced biochars, i.e., BPM425, BPM575 and BPM725, demonstrated specific properties at 425, 525 and 752 °C such as high pH (10.40, 10.65 and 12.45), high ash contents (52.07, 61.74 and 78.38%) and relatively low BET (Brunauer, Emmett and Teller) surface area (11, 17 and 19 m2·g−1). The analysis of the mineral phases of the BPMs confirmed the buffering capacity. The investigated biochars were tested for sorption of Zn, Cd and Pb in mono-, double- and triple-metal batch sorption tests. According to the obtained results, biochar produced at a temperature of 575 °C (BPM575) can function as a sufficient sorbent for the removal of Zn, Cd and Pb from a water solution. The presented results do not confirm the effect of competing metal ions on the sorption efficiency of the selected metals by the investigated biochars. Based on that, the studied biochar sorbents can be used in environments contaminated with many metals.
Highlights
In reference to the above-mentioned properties of biochars, the overall goal of this work was to analyze the effect of pyrolysis temperature on the sorption properties of biochars produced from poultry manure toward the sorption of ions of selected heavy metals
Biochars from poultry manure were produced at 3 different pyrolysis temperatures: 425, 575 and 725 ◦ C
The results obtained from the presented study show that biochars produced from poultry manure demonstrate potentials for the removal of selected heavy metals
Summary
Publisher’s Note: MDPI stays neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations. One of the most important properties of biochar as a soil improver/enhancer is the potential for the sorption of organic and inorganic contaminants present in water and soil environments. Biochars can be applied as sorbents due to a number of multifunctional properties, a significant number of active sorption sites, stability and renewability, efficiency in removal of various types of contaminants, availability and low impact on the environment [1,2,3,4]. Application of biochar to soil facilitates developing strong sorption complexes, in light soils with naturally weak buffering properties due to the low content of clay minerals and soil humus
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