Abstract
This study used 1076 crossbred steers to evaluate the effects of calf-fed and yearling-fed beef production systems, implant strategies (with and without implants), and their interactions on the primal tissue composition (lean and fat components) of individual primal cuts using complete carcass dissection data. The results indicate that production system × implant interactions affected loin and rib primal weight percentages as well as marbling (p < 0.05) but did not affect the dissectible lean and fat contents of the individual primal cut (p > 0.05). Implants increased lean and decreased fat tissue contents of primal cut; however, the production system only affected lean content in the loin (p < 0.05) and fat content in the loin, round, and rib (p < 0.05). Redundancy analysis revealed a strong association between Angus breed percentage and marbling, as well as between Simmental breed percentage and multiple primal lean traits. Response surface regression models explained less variability in the tissue composition traits in calf-fed compared with yearling-fed animals, suggesting the need for further exploration using genomic studies.
Highlights
Accepted: 7 February 2022Currently, beef cattle management practices and genetic selection programs aim to improve the lean yield percentage and marbling score measured at a single location in the carcass, which are assessed using linear measurements and subjective scores, respectively
Mean loin weight percentage was found to be the highest in implanted YF animals and the lowest in no IMP YF animals, whereas mean rib percentage was the highest for implanted CF and lowest in IMP YF steers. These results suggest that there was an overall increase in the primal weight in YF, implants increased the weight percentage in loin and decreased weight percentage in rib
The results of the current study suggest that production systems (PS), IMP, and PS × IMP affected the primal weights as well as the lean and fat content of the primals differently
Summary
Accepted: 7 February 2022Currently, beef cattle management practices and genetic selection programs aim to improve the lean yield percentage and marbling score measured at a single location in the carcass (ribeye grading site), which are assessed using linear measurements and subjective scores, respectively. In part, the difficulty and cost of producing abundant and accurate phenotypic data from beef carcasses, a tissue composition (lean, fat, and bone) study that assesses primal cuts from the whole carcass has not been performed on a representative sample that is characterized by the breed composition of a typical Western. The characterization of the tissue composition of individual primal cuts will enable information-based decision-making regarding selection and production systems (PS) to increase edible lean meat yield and reduce the fat content of beef carcasses. Fat production is metabolically inefficient and leads to increased feed costs, greenhouse gases emissions, and food waste; information-based decision-making is hypothesized to improve production economics and reduce the environmental impacts of the beef industry [5]. New grading technologies, such as dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry, are Published: 11 February 2022
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