Influence of post-treatment temperature of TNTa photoelectrodes on photoelectrochemical properties and photocatalytic degradation of 4-nonylphenol

Abstract

TiO2/Ti Nanotube array (TNTa) photoelectrodes were prepared by galvanostatic and potentiostatic anodization technique, and annealed at different temperature. The morphology and structure were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Raman spectra. Optical properties and photoelectrochemical (PECH) properties were investigated by surface photovoltage (SPV), ultra UV–vis diffuse reflectance spectra (UV/vis/DRS), open-circuit potential (OCP) and transient photocurrent. Photodecomposition performances were evaluated by the yield of •OH radicals and photocatalytic (PC) degradation rate of 4-nonylphenol (4-NP) under xenon light. The results showed that with the increase of post-treatment temperature, PECH and PC properties increased gradually and then decreased. The photocurrent densities, yield of ⁎OH radicals and photodecomposition rates of 4-NP were following the trend of TNT-823>TNT-873>TNT-773>TNT-673>TNT-973>TNT-298. When the annealing temperature was 823K, the photoelectrodes were composed of mixed crystal structure and ordered nanotube array, which exhibited superior PECH properties. When the annealed temperature arrived to 973K, the nanotube collapsed and the PECH and PC properties of TNTa photoelectrodes decreased. For TNT-823 photoelectrodes, after the assistant potential was applied, the degradation rate of 4-NP increased significantly from 77% to 97% after 120min illumination.