Abstract
An efficient protocol for in vitro organogenesis was achieved from callus derived petiole explants of bitter melon. The effects of polyamines (putrescine, spermidine and spermine) along with naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA) and thiadiazuron (TDZ) for callus induction and multiple shoot induction were investigated. Murashige and Skoog (MS) plus Gamborg et al. (B5) medium containing a combination of 3.0 μM NAA, 1.0 μM TDZ and 1.0 μM putrecine induced (95.0%) callus induction. Regeneration of adventitious shoots from callus (53 shoots per explant) was achieved on MS medium containing 3.0 μM TDZ with 1.0 μM NAA and 1.0 μM spermidine. The regenerated shoots were elongated on the same medium. Elongated shoots were transferred to the MS medium fortified with 2.0 μM indole 3-butyric acid (IBA) and 1.0 μM putrescine for root induction. Rooted plants were hardened and successfully established in soil with a 95% survival rate. This protocol yielded an average of 53 plants per petiole explant with a culture period of 85 days. Key words: Adventitious shoots, growth regulators, spermidine, putrescine, organogenic callus, hardening.
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