Abstract
One of the ways to reduce pesticide load and prevent emergence of pathogen resistance can be the use of plant immunity inducers in plant protection systems. The purpose of these studies was to evaluate an efficiency of natural plant immunity inducers Albit® (poly-beta-hydroxybutyric acid), Immunocytophite® (arachidonic acid ethyl ether) and Ecogel® (chitosan lactate) in apple scab protection systems in Abkhazia. The maximum resistance of apple trees to this phytopathogen was recorded in the experimental variants with Albit® and Ecogel® application in half dosages of fungicides and in the variant of production processing (biological efficiency reached 79.4 %). Plant immunity inducers used on apple trees showed cultivar-specificity. For the four-year research period, the greatest efficiency of immunity inducers was achieved on the susceptible cultivar Idared in the second year of the experiment, while on the relatively scab-resistant cultivar Golden Rangers – it was achieved only in the third year. The greatest stability in the efficiency for a four-year period was observed for the tank mix Albit with half dosages of fungicides. Immunocytophyte® was characterized by lower inducing activity, which is associated with its activation of the jasmonate pathway for the formation of non-specific induced immunity.
Highlights
Studied, the existing apple tree protection systems do not provide a reliable crop protection from scab [3]
Immunity inducers used with half dosages of fungicides on Idared cultivar showed a result comparable to the standard
Even in 2019, when the degree of scab development in the control variant reached 21.2 %, production processing reduced the degree of scab development to 8.4 %, while Immunocytophyte with half dosages of fungicides – up to 5.2 %
Summary
Studied, the existing apple tree protection systems do not provide a reliable crop protection from scab [3]. It is necessary to develop a new, environmentally safe approach to apple scab protection. One of the ways to reduce the pesticide load and prevent the emergence of pathogen resistance is to use plant immunity inducers in plant protection systems [7]. Plant immunity inducers of various natures have proved to be effective means of reducing the degree of fungal diseases development [9,10,11,12]. Apple tree occupies one of the leading places, and there is a need to improve apple protection system in the region in order to obtain environmentally safe products
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