Abstract
The purpose of this in vitro study was to evaluate erosive wear and change in color of high-viscosity glass ionomer cements after pH cycling in two erosive media. There were 3 experimental groups with 22 samples each, (I) EQUIA Forte HT without coat, (II) Fuji IX and (III) Ketac Universal Aplicap. Each group was randomly divided into three subgroups (n = 6–8) further exposed to different environments, (1) distilled water, (2) green tea (pH 3.78) and (3) Aceto balsamico vinegar (pH 3.0). Mass and L* a* b* values were recorded before and after pH cycling. The samples in subgroups 2 and 3 were exposed to the acidic media two times a day for 10 min, over a period of 14 days. The differences among materials and erosive effects of the three media were tested using three-way analyses of variance with post hoc LSD test at the significance level p < 0.05. The effect of pH cycling in Aceto balsamico and green tea was degrading for all three materials. pH cycling in Aceto balsamico caused significantly higher erosive wear than pH cycling in Fuzetea and storage in distilled water, in all materials (p < 0.05). pH cycling in both acidic media and in the control group resulted in a significant change in L* a* and b* (p < 0.05). The L* value decreased significantly and the a* and b* values increased significantly (p < 0.05).
Highlights
Dental erosion is an irreversible loss of hard dental tissues caused by an acid dissolution of apatite crystals in enamel and dentin, without a direct association with bacterial plaque acids and caries, or other factors that might cause hard dental tissue loss, such as mechanical or traumatic factors [1]
Hartz et al [4] recently reported that some salad dressings have an erosive potential higher than orange juice and the erosive effect was especially pronounced with pure balsamic-vinegar-based salad dressings
Besides affecting hard dental tissues, prolonged or periodical exposure to erosive media in the oral cavity can affect the erosive wear of restorative materials, which can jeopardize the success of restoration [7,8,9,10]
Summary
Dental erosion is an irreversible loss of hard dental tissues caused by an acid dissolution of apatite crystals in enamel and dentin, without a direct association with bacterial plaque acids and caries, or other factors that might cause hard dental tissue loss, such as mechanical or traumatic factors [1]. One of the most common exogenous causes of erosion is frequent and excessive intake of acidic foods and beverages, such as fruit juices, citric fruits, coffee, teas, salad dressings and alcohol [1,2,3,4]. The increasing prevalence of erosion in recent years has been associated with the increased consumption of soft drinks, and with the increasing number of people following a vegetarian diet, which includes more frequent consumption of citrus fruits, acidic berries and vinegar [4,5,6]. Hartz et al [4] recently reported that some salad dressings have an erosive potential higher than orange juice and the erosive effect was especially pronounced with pure balsamic-vinegar-based salad dressings. Besides affecting hard dental tissues, prolonged or periodical exposure to erosive media in the oral cavity can affect the erosive wear of restorative materials, which can jeopardize the success of restoration [7,8,9,10]
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