Abstract
The manufacture of technical materials of mineral and synthetic origin currently used for thermal insulation in buildings consumes a large amount of energy and they are not biodegradable. In order to reduce the environmental problems generated by their manufacture, an increasing amount of research is being carried out on the use of renewable and ecological resources. Consequently, the use of plant fibers and natural adhesives in the development of new thermal insulating products is increasing worldwide. Palm trees were used as a replacement for wood in some traditional constructions in places with scarce wood resources. This paper discusses the use of palm pruning waste in the manufacture of particleboards, using citric acid as a natural binder. Five particle sizes of Washingtonia palm rachis were used as the raw material for manufacturing the boards and the citric acid content was set at 10% by weight, in relation to the weight of the rachis particles. Single-layer agglomerated panels were made, applying a pressure of 2.6 MPa and a temperature of 150 °C for 7 min. Twenty panels were produced and their density, thickness swelling, water absorption, modulus of rupture, internal bonding strength and thermal conductivity properties were studied. Smaller particle size resulted in better mechanical properties. The boards had an average thermal conductivity of 0.084 W/m·K, meaning that these boards could be used for thermal insulation in buildings.
Highlights
The growing concern to reduce energy consumption and enhance energy efficiency in buildings is increasing research to improve the thermal enclosure of buildings, in order to limit the energy required to achieve the desired thermal well-being
In order to reduce the environmental problems resulting from their manufacture, new renewable and ecological resources such as plant fibers are being sought for use as a natural insulation material for construction, because, in addition to their thermal function, they have many other features that make them a good alternative to combat CO2 emissions
Palm tree trunk was used in floor beams in old buildings and the leaves were used as a roofing material on farm buildings [1]
Summary
The growing concern to reduce energy consumption and enhance energy efficiency in buildings is increasing research to improve the thermal enclosure of buildings, in order to limit the energy required to achieve the desired thermal well-being. Other works have been carried out using palm pruning waste for reinforcement in plaster [31] in concrete [32,33,34] and in the manufacture of different composites [31,32,33,34,35,36,37,38,39] Many of these studies were aimed at using palm waste to produce thermal insulating materials [8,9,12,18,28,29,30,31,34,35,36,37,38,39]. The aim is to obtain a new biodegradable material that can be used as a building material
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